Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions

Research article

Clinical empathy in medical students in India measured using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Student Version: Anirban Chatterjee, Rajkrishna Ravikumar, Satendra Singh, Pranjal Singh Chauhan, Manu Goel; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2017;14:33. Published online December 27, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2017.14.33

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Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical empathy of a cohort of medical students spanning 4 years of undergraduate study and to identify factors associated with empathy.
Methods
A cross-sectional study to assess the empathy of undergraduate medical students at the University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital in Delhi, India, was conducted using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Student Version. Demographic data were obtained using a pre-tested, semi-open-ended questionnaire.
Results
Of the 600 students, 418 participated in the survey (69.7%). The mean empathy score was 96.01 (of a maximum of 140), with a standard deviation of 14.56. The empathy scores decreased from the first to the third semester, plateaued at the fifth semester, and rose again in the seventh semester. Empathy was found to be significantly associated with the gender of the participant, with females having higher scores (P<0.001). The age of the participant, place of residence, whose decision it was for the student to enroll in an MBBS (bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery) program, and the choice of future specialty were not significantly associated with students’ empathy scores.
Conclusion
The study found significant gender differences in empathy among the participants. The empathy scores tended to decline initially and then rebound over time. The mean empathy levels found in this study are lower than those reported in most similar studies around the world; therefore, further studies are needed to analyze and address the underlying factors associated with this discrepancy.

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Research Articles

Visible Facebook profiles and e-professionalism in undergraduate medical students in India: Setu Gupta, Satendra Singh, Upreet Dhaliwal; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2015;12:50. Published online October 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.50

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to assess medical students’ presence on Facebook and the extent of their visible activity, with particular reference to online professionalism. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including all medical students enrolled in the University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, India during the period of the study, which was conducted from 2011 to 2012. After approval by the Institutional Ethical Committee, the full names of all students were obtained from our institution. After creating a fictitious profile, Facebook was searched for students’ profiles, and those found were examined for visible content and unprofessional behaviour. Results: Of 611 students, 477 (78.1%) had detectable Facebook profiles. Out of 477 profiles, date of birth, address, email, phone number, religion, and political views were rarely shared; sexual orientation and relationship status were displayed on approximately one third of the profiles; and an identifiable profile picture (80.3%), field of study (51.6%), and institution (86.2%) were commonly shared . The visible content included friend lists (88.7%), photo albums (36.1%), and associations with diverse groups and pages (97.1%). Five profiles (1.05%) displayed unprofessional content, including one profile photograph depicting alcohol consumption, one association with groups relating to excessive alcohol consumption, two profiles containing sexually explicit language, and one association with a sexist page. Conclusion: Most of our students use Facebook’s privacy settings to hide some content from others. Unprofessional content was rarely visible from a stranger’s profile. However, even when hidden from strangers, unprofessional behaviour is still unprofessional behaviour. As Facebook is an integral part of life, it is important for medical educators and students to understand the implications and importance of e-professionalism. Professionalism curricula should address e-professionalism.

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Christine Slade, Karen McCutcheon, Nuala Devlin, Christine Dalais, Kathleen Smeaton, Daniel Slade, Christine Brown Wilson
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E-Professionalism as a Professional Identity in the Digital Era of Medical Education
Jomon Lonappan, P. S. Aithal, Meera Jacob
International Journal of Health Sciences and Pharmacy.2023; : 35. CrossRef
E-Professionalism as a Professional Identity in the Digital Era of Medical Education
Jomon Lonappan, P. S. Aithal, Meera Jacob
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Tawepong Arayapisit, Jidapa Jarunsiripaisarn, Thitaree Setthamongkol, Dhitaya Ochaphan, Tanaporn Songsomsup, Kawin Sipiyaruk
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Tea Vukušić Rukavina, Joško Viskić, Lovela Machala Poplašen, Danko Relić, Marko Marelić, Drazen Jokic, Kristijan Sedak
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Yeon Jung Lee, Jaeuk Hwang, Soyoung Irene Lee, Sung-Il Woo, Sang Woo Hahn, Steve Koh
BMC Medical Education.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
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Near-peer mentoring to complement faculty mentoring of first-year medical students in India: Satendra Singh, Navjeevan Singh, Upreet Dhaliwal; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2014;11:12. Published online June 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2014.11.12

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
The first year is stressful for new medical students who have to cope with curricular challenges, relocation issues, and separation from family. Mentoring reduces stress and facilitates adaptation. A program for faculty mentoring of first-semester students was initiated by the Medical Education Unit in 2009 at University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi. Feedback after the first year revealed that mentees were reluctant to meet their mentors, some of whom were senior faculty. In the following year, student mentors (near-peers) were recruited to see if that would improve the rate and quality of contact between mentees and mentors.
Methods
Volunteer faculty (n=52), near-peers (n=57), and new entrants (n=148) admitted in 2010 participated in the ratio of 1:1:3. The program aims were explained through an open house meeting, for reinforcement, and another meeting was conducted 5 months later. At year-end, a feedback questionnaire was administered (response rate: faculty, 28 [54%]; mentees, 74 [50%]).
Results
Many respondent faculty (27, 96%) and mentees (65, 88%) believed that near-peer mentoring was useful. Compared to the preceding year, the proportion of meetings between faculty mentors and mentees increased from 4.0±5.2 to 7.4±8.8; mentees who reported benefit increased from 23/78 (33%) to 34/74 (46%). Benefits resulted from mentors’ and near-peers’ demonstration of concern/support/interaction/counseling (35, 47.3% mentees); 23 mentees (82%) wanted to become near-peers themselves.
Conclusion
Near-peer mentoring supplements faculty mentoring of first-year medical students by increasing system effectiveness.

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Opinions

Reaching people through medical humanities: An initiative: Richa Gupta, Satendra Singh, Mrinalini Kotru; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2011;8:5. Published online May 20, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2011.8.5

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Educational/Faculty Development Material

Senior Resident Training on Educational Principles (STEP): A Proposed Innovative Step from a Developing Nation: Satendra Singh; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2010;7:3. Published online December 1, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2010.7.3

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Abstract PDF

Resident-as-teacher courses are pretty common in Western medical schools however they are a rarity in Asian and developing countries. The current report is a scholarly analysis of a three day orientation program for senior residents in order to improve their functioning by providing new template either for supplementing basic workshops for faculty or to advocate a change in system. The experience gained by Medical Education Unit of University College of Medical Sciences can be used to conduct training breeding grounds at national or regional levels. Resident as teachers educational interventions need to be designed taking into account their impact on education system.

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